Online Behavioral Advertising (OBA), a recently emerging format of internet advertising, targets users based on their past online behaviors. This study examines the impact of OBA on consumer attitudes and impulse buying behavior, while exploring the moderating in uence of privacy concerns, a crucial factor given that OBA relies on personal data collection. To test our conceptual model, we conducted surveys in Korea and France, to further analyze the potential cultural distinctions. Our ndings, derived from a series of linear regression models, reveal that OBA signicantly affects consumers’ impulse buying, with this effect mediated by consumers’ attitudes toward OBA. Moreover, consumers’ privacy concerns weaken the positive effect of OBA on attitudes. Notably, we observe signicant cultural differences, with these effects primarily manifesting in the Korean sample. Our study provides valuable insights for creating effective online advertising strategies that contribute to consumers’ purchase funnel, ultimately leading to purchases, while addressing privacy concerns and cultural variations.